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************ Overview ************
Case suffixes
Prefixed verbal aspects
Suffixed verbal aspects
Prefixed verb moods
Suffixed verb moods
Number markers
Verb tenses
Verbal nouns
Pronouns
True pronouns
Affixes
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************ Sheet 1:: Case suffixes ************
CASE SUFFIXES
Nominative Dative Genitive Ablative Semblative
Number Vowel Consonant Vowel Consonant Vowel Consonant Vowel Consonant Vowel Consonant
ending ending ending ending ending ending ending ending ending ending
Singular -wu -u -ni -i -le -e -ma -a -so -o
Highlighted -wur -ur -nir -ir -ler -er -mar -ar -sor -or
singular
Paucal -wuk -uk -nik -ik -lek -ek -mak -ak -sok -ok
Plural -wun -un -nin -in -len -en -man -an -son -on
Collective -wus -us -nis -is -les -es -mas -as -sos -os
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************ Sheet 2: Prefixed verbal aspects ************
(Prefixed) Verbal aspects
-ki verbs -sa verbs
Aspect Vowel beginning Consonant Vowel beginning Consonant beginning
beginning
Perfective Ø- / Mon- Ø- / Mon- Ø- / Daw- Ø- / Dau-
Habitual Lae- Lae- Män- Män-
Progressive Koj- Koi- Dan- Dan-
Stative Ø- Ø- Ø- Ø-
Gnomic Son- Son- Je- Je-
Continuative Nae- Mae- Gen- Gen-
Intensive Mej- Mei- Jaj- Jai-
Attenuative Du- Du- Ne- Ne-
Negative Ko Ko- Ma- Ma-
Reflexive Kur- Kur- Taw- Tau-
Reciprocal Nor- Nor Lor- Lor-
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************ Sheet 3: Suffixed verbal aspects ************
(Suffixed) Verbal aspects
Aspect -ki verbs -sa verbs
Potential -rok -näs
Causative -nim -mir
Passive -ris -nam
Desiderative -gas -dil
Tentative -kath -lät
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************ Sheet 4: Prefixed verb moods ************
((Prefixed) Verb moods
-ki verbs -sa verbs
Mood Vowel beginning Consonant Vowel beginning Consonant beginning
beginning
Indicative Ø- Ø- Ø- Ø-
Subjunctive Il- I- Il- I-
Conditional Us- U- Eth- E-
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************ Sheet 5: Suffixed verb moods ************
(Suffixed) Verb moods
Mood -ki verbs -sa verbs
Beggar imperative -kir -sir
Polite imperative -kamu -samu
Adviser imperative -kuth -suth
Neutral imperative -kel -sel
Authoritarian imperative -keo -seo
Beggar jussive -kar -sar
Polite jussive -käme -säme
Adviser jussive -kith -sith
Neutral jussive -kol -sol
Authoritarian jussive -keo -seo
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************ Sheet 6: Number markers ************
Number markers
Number Vowel ending Consonant ending
Singular Ø- Ø-
Highlighted singular -r -ir
Paucal -k -ak
Plural -n -on
Collective -s -es
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************ Sheet 7: Verb tenses ************
Verb tenses
Tense -ki verbs -sa verbs
Far past -lemi -noja
Intermediate / Unknown past -romi -daja
Near past -mi -ja
Present -ki -sa
Near future -jo -mu
Intermediate / Unknown future -rojo -damu
Far future -lejo -nomu
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************ Sheet 8: Verbal nouns ************
Verbal nouns
Form -ki verbs -sa verbs
Vowel ending Consonant ending Vowel ending Consonant ending
Infinitive -kisa -kisa -saki -saki
Gerund -kimi -kimi -sama -sama
Participle -ra -a -ra -a
Mannersitic -ram -ram -las -las
Stylistic -tur -tur -neth -neth
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************ Sheet 9: Pronouns ************
Pronouns
Person & gender Plain Formal
Singular Plural Singular Plural
1st person - Bek Gema Kädra Käfra
Masculine Mai Kanmu
2nd person Femenine Son Loma Konos Kondu
Neuter Lem Kalag
Masculine Dami Kurja
3rd person Femenine Mina Fera Kroba Kigra
Neuter Nerjo Kella
Object Dur Käthno
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************ Sheet 10: True pronouns ************
Pronouns
Base form Genitive form
Person & gender Plain Formal Plain Formal
Singular Plural Collective Singular Plural Collective Singular Plural Collective Singular Plural Collective
1st - Bek Gema Gemas Kädra Käfra Käfras Bekor Gemar Gemares Kädrar Käfrar Käfrares
person
2nd Masculine Mai Kanmu Mair Kanmur
person Femenine Son Loma Lomas Konos Kondu Kondus Sonor Lomar Lomares Konosor Kondur Kondures
Neuter Lem Kalag Lemor Kalagor
Masculine Dami Kurja Damir Kurjar
3rd Femenine Mina Fera Feras Kroba Kigra Kigras Minar Ferar Ferares Krobar Kigrar Kigrares
person Neuter Nerjo Kella Nerjor Kellar
Object Dur Käthno Duror Käthnor
Accusative / Dative form Reflexive dative form
Person & gender Plain Formal Plain Formal
Singular Plural Collective Singular Plural Collective Singular Plural Collective Singular Plural Collective
1st - Bekal Gemal Gemales Kädral Käfral Käfrales Bekim Gemam Gemames Kädram Käfram Käframes
person
2nd Masculine Mail Kanmul Maim Kanmum
person Femenine Sonal Lomal Lomales Konosal Kondul Kondules Sonim Lomam Lomames Konosim Kondum Kondumes
Neuter Lemal Kalagal Lemim Kalagim
Masculine Damil Kurjal Damim Kurjam
3rd Femenine Minal Feral Ferales Krobal Kigral Kigrales Minam Feram Ferames Krobam Kigram Kigrames
person Neuter Nerjol Kellal Nerjom Kellam
Object Dural Käthnol Durim Käthnom
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************ Sheet 11: Affixes ************
Affixes
Affix Explanation Example Translation
Respect suffix. Added Maertukir hora äregarur An evil god destroyed (a
-ir show respect or praise gothenoja very long time ago) the
something *capital city*
Same as -ir, used when God will deliver (in a
-hir the word ends in vowel Dräles fera agmahir very long time)
(except i) Ethreahir meilamalejo humankind's last
*punishment*
O sonaägra aimarthir, Oh Scarlet Empress, may
-r Same as -ir, used when dothramiramira narwemas your *reign* last ten
the word ends in i ona konosor tabir thousand years!
hojokol!
-ra Adjective suffix Dothra mäga Big mountain
-rai Adverb suffix Dur kerai pätwaromi It fell quickly
-ki Visible / type 1 verb Bek iben kokendaiki I never fight
suffix
-sa Invisible / type 2 verb Igil bek konsa I know everything
suffix
-drä Agent suffix Bekor gardrä bek iben I always listen to my
jebarisa teacher
-mor Locative suffix Ene käramor bekor jodowu My father built this
tenteromi graveyard
Son- Adjective / adverb Sonmikura ene kapawu This little girl is so
augmentative prefix jaidanasa! pretty!
Equivalent to "also", ...e bajama sena bekor ...and also inside the
Se- only used in pera aldena danasa house was my best friend
prepositions
-ora Adjectivizer suffix Draänora ma sera ja dami He cannot go to the
kodajuris event because he's sick
Same as -ora, used when Toltamora ma dira sa Please don't touch the
-mora the word ends in vowel apolä kion kolekäme iron pole because it's
charged with electricity
-eth Number ordinalizer Äketh firesa na merkoju The introduction is in
suffix danasa the first chapter
-th Same as -eth, used when Dagjoth fires thara The fifth chapter is the
the word ends in vowel firesu danasa final chapter
O- Adjective / adverb Ogil sorai danasa, igil Nothing is eternal,
negation prefix osorai danasa everything is temporal
Modifier (if a
polysemic word is given Äkk adrä ä äkk abona My brother is almost two
A- this prefix, it is not bekor titowu guldaki. meters tall (196 cm to
referring to its most be exact)
common meaning)